Analysing Factors Contributing to Length of Stay (LoS) Among Patients with COVID-19 in Indonesian Hospital Setting
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20527/jps.v12i2.22557Kata Kunci:
COVID-19, Risk Factors, Medication Use, Length of Stay, HospitalAbstrak
Penyakit COVID-19 masih menjadi ancaman konstan bagi kesehatan masyarakat global. Penggunaan obat dan lama rawat inap (LoS) merupakan indikator utama kualitas pelayanan di rumah sakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati LoS dan faktor yang mempengaruhinya (termasuk karakteristik pasien dan penggunaan obat) pada pasien rawat inap COVID-19 di Rumah Sakit X di Surabaya, Indonesia. Penelitian observasional dilakukan dengan menggunakan rekam medis pasien rawat inap COVID-19 di Rumah Sakit X selama tahun 2022. Data karakteristik pasien dan profil obat dianalisis secara deskriptif. Kesesuaian terapi obat ditentukan berdasarkan pedoman terapi. Uji korelasi dilakukan untuk hubungannya dengan LoS. Total terdapat 203 pasien rawat inap COVID-19, meliputi: neonatus/anak/remaja (12,32%), dewasa (66,5%), dan lanjut usia (21,2%). Sebagian besar pasien laki-laki (54,2%) dengan keparahan sedang (80,8%), dan 36,4% memiliki komorbiditas. Kesesuaian terapi pada pasien neonatus/anak/remaja, dewasa, dan lanjut usia adalah: 12% (3/25), 76% (103/135), 60% (26/43), secara berurutan. Rata-rata LoS adalah 7,0±3,11 hari, dimana LoS terendah pada neonatus/anak/remaja (6,1±2,43 hari) dan tertinggi pada lansia (7,4±3,02 hari). Faktor yang secara signifikan mempengaruhi LoS adalah status vaksinasi (p= 0,000) dan tingkat keparahan COVID-19 (p= 0,002), namun tidak dipengaruhi oleh kesesuaian terapi (p= 0,864). Hasil penelitian merupakan data awal tuntuk mengembangkan strategi perbaikan kualitas layanan untuk pasien COVID-19 rawat inap. Kata Kunci: COVID-19, Faktor Risiko, Penggunaan Obat, Lama Rawat Inap, Rumah Sakit  ABSTRACT COVID-19 disease remains a constant threat to global public health. Drug use and Length of Stay (LoS) are among main indicators of service quality in hospitals. Object of this research were understanding of LoS and the contributing factors (including patient characteristics and drug use) among COVID-19 inpatients at Hospital X Surabaya, Indonesia. Observational research was conducted using medical records of COVID-19 inpatients at Hospital X in 2022. Data on patient characteristics and drug profiles were analyzed descriptively. Drug therapy conformity was determined based on guidelines. Correlation tests were used to determine factors associated to LoS. The results were 203 COVID-19 inpatients, including: neonate/child/adolescent (12.32%), adults (66.5%) and elderly (21.2% ). Most patients were males (54.2%) with moderate severity (80.8%), and 36.4% had comorbidities. Therapy conformity in neonate/child/adolescent, adult and elderly patients were: 12% (3/25), 76% (103/135), 60% (26/43), respectively. The average LOS was 7.0±3.1 days, where neonate/child/adolescent was the lowest (6.1±2.43 days), and elderly was the highest (7.4 ± 3.02 days). Significant contributing factors to LoS included vaccination status (p= 0.000) and COVID-19 severity (p= 0.002), but not with therapy conformity (p=0.864). The study findings provide a preliminary data to guide the development of strategies to improve service quality for hospitalised patients with COVID-19.Referensi
Alimohamadi, Y., Yekta, E.M., Sepandi, M., Sharafoddin, M., Arshadi, M., & Hesari, E. (2022). Hospital length of stay for COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Multidiscip Respir Med, 17(1), 856. https://doi.org/10.4081/mrm.2022.856
Amalia H. (2021). Omicron penyebab COVID-19 sebagai variant of concern. J Biomedika dan Kesehat, 4(4), 139-141. https://doi.org/10.18051/jbiomedkes.2021.v4.139-141
Awdisma, W.M., Nosa, U.S., Hasmono, D., Nurmainah, N. (2021). Kajian literatur: tinjauan remdesivir sebagai pilihan terapi pada COVID-19. J Pharmascience, 8(2), 121-132. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jps.v8i2.11650
Baihaqi, F.A., & Rumaropen, H. (2022). Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan lama rawat inap pasien COVID-19 di RSUD Serui Provinsi Papua: Studi potong lintang. J Penyakit Dalam Indones, 8(4), 187. https://doi.org/10.7454/jpdi.v8i4.627
Burhan, E, & Rachmadi, R.A. (2022). Omicron surge and the future of COVID-19 vaccinations. Med J Indones, 31(1), 80-84. https://doi.org/10.13181/mji.bc.226066
Burhan, E., Susanto, A.D., Nasution, S.A., et al. (2022). Pedoman Tatalaksana COVID-19 Edisi 4. Jakarta: PDPI, PERKI, PAPDI, PERDATIN, IDAI
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2022). Underlying medical conditions associated with higher risk for severe COVID-19: information for healthcare professionals. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/clinical-care/underlyingconditions.html (Accessed June 21, 2022).
Di Gennaro, F., Pizzol, D., Marotta, C., et al. (2020). Coronavirus diseases ( COVID-19 ) current status and future perspectives : A narrative review. J Environ Res Public Health, 17(8), 2690. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17082690
Guo, A., Lu, J., Tan, H., Kuang, Z., Luo, Y., Yang, T., Xu, J., Yu, J., Wen, C., & Shen, A. (2021). Risk factors on admission associated with hospital length of stay in patients with COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study. Sci Rep, 11, 7310. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-86853-4
Khosravizadeh, O., Vatankhah, S., Bastani, P., Kalhor, R., Alirezaei, S., & Doosty, F. (2016). Factors affecting length of stay in teaching hospitals of a middle-income country. Elec Physician, 8(10), 3042-3047. https://doi.org/10.19082/3042
Li, M., Liu, Q., Wu, D., Tang, L., Wang, X., Yan, T., An, Z., Wang, Z., Gao, G.F., Wang, F., & Zheng H. (2022). Association of COVID-19 vaccination and clinical severity of patients infected with Delta or Omicron variants — China , May 21 , 2021 – February 28 , 2022. China CDC Wkly, 4(14), 293-297. https://doi.org/10.46234/ccdcw2022.074
Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia (MoH-RI). (2021). Infeksi Emerging Kementerian Kesehatan. Available at: https://covid19.kemkes.go.id/ (Accessed March 9, 2022).
Oksuz, E., Malhan, S., Gonen, M.S., Kutlubay, Z., Keskindemirci, Y., & Tabak, F. (2021). COVID-19 healthcare cost and length of hospital stay in Turkey: retrospective analysis from the first peak of the pandemic. Health Econ Rev, 11(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13561-021-00338-8
Ramatillah, D.L., & Isnaini, S. (2021). Treatment profiles and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients at private hospital in Jakarta. PLoS One, 16, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250147
Russell, C.D., Lone, N.I., & Baillie, J.K. (2023). Comorbidities, multimorbidity and stages of COVID-19 pathogenesis. Nature Medicine, 29, 334-343. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-022-02156-9
Samuel, A.M., Hacker, L.L., Zebracki, J., et al. (2023). Remdesivir Use in pediatric patients for SARS-CoV-2 treatment: single academic center study. Pediatr Infect Dis J, 42(4), 310-314. https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003814
Statsenko, Y., Al Zahmi, F., Habuza, T., et al. (2022). Impact of age and sex on COVID-19 severity assessed from radiologic and clinical findings. Front Cell Infect Microbiol, 11, 777070. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.777070
Tai, P.Q., Toan, D.T.T., Son, D.T., et al. (2020). Factors associated with the duration of hospitalization among COVID-19 patients in Vietnam: A survival analysis. Epidemiol Infect,148, e114. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268820001259
Triamyanti, V.Y., Yulia, R., Herawati, F., & Jaelani, A.K. (2022). Evaluasi persentasi kesesuaian dengan Pedoman 3 Penggunaan Antibiotik dan Antivirus pada Pasien Covid-19 non- ventilator di RSUD Bangil. MEDFARM J Farm dan Kesehat, 11(2), 127-141. https://doi.org/10.48191/medfarm.v11i2.94
World Health Organization (WHO). (2020). Coronavirus disease 2019 situation report 51 - 11th March 2020. WHO Bulletin, 2633.
World Health Organisation (WHO). (2022). Tracking SARS-COV-2 Variants. Available at: https://www.who.int/activities/tracking-SARS-CoV-2-variants (Accessed July 1, 2022).
Wray S., & Arrowsmith, S. (2021). The physiological mechanisms of the sex-based difference in outcomes of COVID-19 Infection. Front Physiol. 12, 627260. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.627260
##submission.downloads##
Diterbitkan
Terbitan
Bagian
Lisensi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
.jpg)
