Narrative Literature Review: Implementasi Five Moments for Medication Safety di Negara ASEAN

Abstrak

Kesalahan pengobatan merupakan insiden yang berkaitan dengan keselamatan pasien. Insiden ini masih terjadi di negara-negara ASEAN. Five Moments for Medication Safety dirancang oleh World Health Organization (WHO) untuk mendorong pasien berpartisipasi dalam perawatan mereka sendiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasinya di Negara ASEAN. Literature review menggunakan basis data dari Google Scholar, Pubmed, Science Direct, dan Scopus dengan kata kunci “Knowledge†AND “Five Moments†AND “Medication Safety†AND “Hospital†AND nama dari masing-masing negara ASEAN. Jurnal yang dikumpulkan berasal dari 10 negara ASEAN (Brunei Darussalam, Filipina, Indonesia, Kamboja, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Singapura, Thailand, dan Vietnam) dan dianalisis 19 jurnal yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan implementasi  dari setiap momen, di antaranya: memulai pengobatan (Starting a Medication) sebanyak 84.0%, mengkonsumsi obat (Taking My Medication) 58.0%, menambah obat (Adding a Medication) 5.0%, mereviu pengobatan (Reviewing a Medication) 10.0%, dan menghentikan pengobatan (Stopping a Medication) 16.0%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah implementasi Five Moments for Medication Safety masih belum diterapkan secara optimal di negara-negara ASEAN, meskipun beberapa momen diterapkan dengan baik. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya tambahan untuk meningkatkan pelaksanaan dan kepatuhan demi keselamatan pasien. Kata Kunci: ASEAN, Kesalahan Pengobatan, Keselamatan Pasien, Perawatan Diri Medication errors are a critical concern for patient safety and continue to be a prevalent issue in ASEAN countries. Five moments for medication safety is designed by World Health Organization (WHO) to encourage patients to participate in their care. This research aims to determine its implementation in hospitals in ASEAN countries. A comprehensive literature review was performed using databases such as Google Scholar, Pubmed, Science Direct, and Scopus, with search terms including (“Knowledge†AND “Five Moments†AND “Medication Safety†AND “Hospital†AND the name of ASEAN countries. The review encompassed data from 10 ASEAN countries (Brunei Darussalam, the Philippines, Indonesia, Cambodia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam), resulting in the analysis of 19 relevant journals. The results indicate the following implementation rates for the five moments for medication safety: Starting a Medication at 84.0%, Taking My Medication at 58.0%, Adding a Medication at 5.0%, Reviewing a Medication at 10.0%, and Stopping a Medication at 16.0%.  The findings of this study indicate that while some of the five key moments for medication safety have been executed effectively, their overall implementation remains suboptimal in ASEAN countries. Consequently, further efforts are required to enhance both implementation and compliance to ensure patient safety.