Nanopartikel Sebagai Sistem Penghantaran Oral untuk Low Molecular Weight Heparin (LMWH) dalam Pengobatan Kolitis Ulseratif
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20527/jps.v12i1.20144Keywords:
Kolitis Ulseratif, LMWH, Oral, Nanopartikel, Sistem Penghantaran ObatAbstract
Kolitis ulseratif (UC) adalah suatu penyakit radang usus kronis yang mempengaruhi mukosa kolon dan rektum. UC memiliki etiologi kompleks melibatkan faktor genetik, imunologis, lingkungan, mikrobiota usus, psikososial, dan autoimun. Penggunaan heparin berat molekul rendah (LMWH) dalam terapi UC terbatas karena stabilitas dan bioavailabilitasnya yang rendah ketika diberikan secara oral. Nanopartikel dirancang untuk melindungi LMWH dari degradasi, meningkatkan penargetan ke jaringan yang meradang, dan meningkatkan efisiensi terapeutik obat. Metode yang digunakan merupakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif melalui studi literatur. Data dikumpulkan dari berbagai database dengan fokus pada artikel yang dipublikasikan antara tahun 2014 hingga 2024. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa nanopartikel berbasis LMWH efektif dalam mengurangi pelepasan sitokin pro-inflamasi dan menargetkan penghantaran obat ke lokasi spesifik dalam saluran pencernaan. Penghantaran oral dengan nanopartikel memberikan stabilitas selama transit gastrointestinal dan melepaskan obat di area usus besar yang meradang, sehingga meningkatkan kepatuhan pasien dan efikasi pengobatan. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa sistem penghantaran obat berbasis nanopartikel menawarkan pendekatan yang menjanjikan untuk meningkatkan terapi UC, terutama dalam mengatasi keterbatasan pengobatan konvensional.ÂReferences
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