Potensi Anti-inflamasi Ekstrak Euphorbia heterophylla Desf.: Penelitian In Vitro dan In Vivo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20527/jps.v12i2.23814Keywords:
Anti-Inflammatory, Euphorbia heterophylla, Egg White, Hypotonic Solution, Human Red Blood CellAbstract
Masyarakat secara tradisional menggunakan daun Kate Mas (Euphorbia heterophylla Desf.) untuk mengatasi kesulitan buang air besar. Penelitian sebelumnya melaporkan daun E. heterophylla memiliki aktivitas antioksidan DPPH dan anti-inflamasi pada tikus diinduksi karagenan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pemberian ekstrak E. heterophylla (EEH) secara in vitro pada suspensi sel darah merah yang diinduksi larutan hipotonik, serta untuk mengevaluasi efek EEH dalam uji in vivo pada hewan yang diinduksi dengan larutan putih telur 1%. Studi in vitro menggunakan metode HRBC (Human Red Blood Cell) dengan darah yang dirusak larutan hipotonik sebagai media uji yang diukur menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-vis pada panjang gelombang 560 nm. Metode in vivo dilakukan pada tikus yang dibagi secara acak menjadi lima kelompok (n=5): kelompok kontrol positif (Na-CMC), kelompok pembanding (diklofenak natrium 4,5 mg/kg BB), dan tiga kelompok uji (EEH 50, 100, 200 mg/kg BB). Semua kelompok diinduksi dengan putih telur 1% pada telapak kaki tikus. Parameter yang diukur adalah nilai IC50 dan persentase inhibisi edema pada kaki tikus setiap 30 menit selama 180 menit. Hasil: Skrining metabolit sekunder pada EEH menunjukkan adanya flavonoid, alkaloid, saponin, tanin, kuinon, dan steroid/triterpenoid. EEH menunjukkan nilai IC50 yang tergolong aktif sebagai anti-inflamasi dan mampu mengurangi volume edema. Kesimpulan: EEH berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai pengobatan anti-inflamasi. Kata Kunci: Anti-Inflamasi, Euphorbia heterophylla, Putih Telur, Larutan Hipotonik, Human Red Blood Cell The community traditionally uses Kate Mas (Euphorbia heterophylla Desf.) leaves to alleviate constipation. Previous studies reported that E. heterophylla leaves possess DPPH antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in carrageenan-induced rats. This study aims to analyze the effect of E. heterophylla extract (EEH) administration in vitro on red blood cell suspensions induced by a hypotonic solution, and to evaluate the effects of EEH in vivo on animals induced with 1% egg white solution. The in vitro study was conducted using the Human Red Blood Cell (HRBC) method, where red blood cells were subjected to damage by a hypotonic solution as the test medium. The measurement was performed using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 560 nm. The in vivo method was conducted on rats randomly divided into five groups (n=5): positive control group (Na-CMC), comparison group (diclofenac sodium 4.5 mg/kg BW), and three test groups (EEH 50, 100, 200 mg/kg BW). All groups were induced with 1% egg white on the rat's paw. The parameters measured were the IC50 value and the percentage of edema inhibition in the rat’s paw every 30 minutes for 180 minutes. Results: Secondary metabolite screening of EEH showed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, quinones, and steroids/triterpenoids. EEH demonstrated an IC50 value classified as active anti-inflammatory and was able to reduce edema volume. Conclusion: EEH has the potential to be developed as an anti-inflammatory treatment.References
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